高考英語詞匯辨析(4)
1.scene, sight，view，look.
sight表示“風(fēng)景名勝、視力，視野”；scene則表示一個(gè)地區(qū)的自然景色或人為的環(huán)境；view多指從高處向下或向遠(yuǎn)處所看到的景色；look則強(qiáng)調(diào)“神色、外表”.
1. One of the advantages of living on the top floor of a high – rise is that you can get a good .
A. sight B. scene
C. view D. look
解：答案選 C. 本句意思為“住在高層建筑的頂層的優(yōu)勢(shì)之一就是能看到好的景色.”
2. way，means，views，directions.
means“方法”；directions“方向”；views“觀點(diǎn)”；ways“方面”.
1. There are usually at least two of looking at every question.
A. means B. directions C. views D. ways
解：答案選D. 題于意思是“看問題至少從兩個(gè)方面”.比較四個(gè)詞的詞義：means“方法”；directions“方向”；views“觀點(diǎn)”；ways“方面”.
3. see sb. do/doing, see sth done.
1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.
A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out
解：答案為C .此題考查see sth. done結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)中的sth.即題干中的plan,它作了定語從句中的先行詞.此題只要把plan還原，就不難選出正確答案.
4. die of ,die from.
die of 常表示由于疾病、情感、饑餓、寒冷、年老等內(nèi)部原因而死；die from 則多表示除疾病或情感以外的原因而死.
1. —What did he die ?
—He died old age.
A. of, from B. from, of C. from , from D. of, of
解：答案選D. die of 常表示由于疾病、情感、饑餓、寒冷、年老等內(nèi)部原因而死；die from 則多表示除疾病或情感以外的原因而死.根據(jù)答語中的old age 可知選die of 較好.
5. be free of change表示“免費(fèi)”.
1. You can take as many as you like because they are free of .
A. fare B. charge C. money D. pay
解：答案選B. be free of charge 表示“免費(fèi)”，charge 表示“收費(fèi)”之意.
6. on+Ving=no sooner… than…
1. On the news, I felt uncomfortable.
A. I heard B. heard C. to hear D. hearing
解：答案選D. on 表示“在…..之時(shí)”，是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞做賓語，不接從句、不定式或過去分詞.
7. calm.
1. Wait till you are more .It’s better to be sure than sorry.
A. inspired B. certain C. calm D. satisfied
解：答案選C.本題考查形容詞的詞義辨析.句意為：等到你弄準(zhǔn)確后再說吧，準(zhǔn)確總比后悔好. Inspired“有靈感的”； calm“鎮(zhèn)靜的；平靜的”； satisfied“滿意的”，這三個(gè)詞都不合句意，此處選 certain表示“確定的”，和后面的 sure 對(duì)應(yīng).
8. convenient.
convenient意為“方便的”，常用于it is convenient (for sb) to do ….或sth. is convenient to sb. 結(jié)構(gòu).
1. Come and see me whenever .
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you
解：convenient意為“方便的”，常用于it is convenient (for sb) to do ….或sth. is convenient to sb. 結(jié)構(gòu). convenient 常用it 作主語，指時(shí)間；另外，whenever 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來.故選C.
9. make（great）progress.
1. He has made a rapid progress in his studies this term. （改錯(cuò)）
解：應(yīng)把a(bǔ)去掉，progress是不可數(shù)名詞，前面不能加冠詞，同學(xué)們?nèi)菀装礉h語意思加上冠詞a.英語中還有一些類似的不可數(shù)名詞，如：news, information, fun, advice等.
10. choose from（有幾雙供選擇）與choose（選擇幾雙）.
1. There are five pairs ,but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing
解：答案為B.動(dòng)詞不定式 to choose from在句中作定語.因?yàn)樗硎镜囊馑际怯形咫p可供選擇，而不是選擇無雙，所以要在 to choose后加介詞 from .
11. doubt.
doubt在肯定句中用if 或whether，否定句中只能用that.
1. There’s no doubt .
A. that Mr John is in good health B. whether is Mr John healthy
C. whether Mr John is health D. if Mr John’s health is returning
解：選A.
12. state 陳述.
a state of 以…的狀態(tài).
1. She is in a poor of health which worries her mother much.
A. position B. situation C. state D. condition
解：選C.
2. — I’m sorry, but can you your views in English?
— That’s OK.
A. state B. impress C. debate D. elect
解：選A.
13. have an advantage over 勝過，比…優(yōu)越.
1. His height and reach give him a big advantage other boxers.
A. at B. in C. over D. of
解：C.
14. glance at瞟，掃視.
1. On the bus I always manage to the headlines in the newspaper.
A. glance at B. look for C. look up D. join to
解：A.
15. have a preference for 對(duì)…有喜好（performance 表現(xiàn)）
1. He has never liked meat , and has always had a(n) for vegetables and fruit.
A. perspiration B. feeling C. idea D. preference
解：D.
16. for once就這一次；once again 在一次；at once 馬上；once more再一次.
1. In general , the old man is generous .But , he was mean to an old beggar .
A. at once B. once again C. for once D. once over
解：C.
17. run over溢出，車輛、輾過，復(fù)習(xí)；run out跑出去，被用完；run off 逃跑；run in to遇見；run down往下跑；run across遇見.
1. The cup was full and the water in it was .
A. running over B. running out C. running off D. running away
解：A.
18. come up出現(xiàn)；come out長出、出版；come along來到；come to one’s life蘇醒；come at = arrive at到達(dá).
1. We saw a big black bea on us from the woods.
A. coming up B. coming out C. coming back D. coming away
2. Difficulty is temporal. Good luck will sooner or later.
A. come along B. come to C. come over D. come at
1-2解：AA.
19. pat on the + 身體的部位“打在… 部位”. 如：pat on the head打在頭上.
1. He was head when his grandma saw him.
A. patted on the B. patted on his C. patted in the D. patted in his
解：A.
20. enjoy.
enjoy done sth. 喜歡某事被做；enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事.
1. I enjoy noodles by my mother ,which taste very delicious.
A. cooked B. cooking C. being cooked D. being cooking
解：A.
21. leave.
①leave sth done.留下某事被做.
②leave… with，leave…to. 二者都可用來表示“把……托付（交給）”的意思.用to時(shí)，有時(shí)含有“贈(zèng)送”之意；用with時(shí)，含有托付某人“保管、 處理”之意. leave后接人的名詞時(shí)，一般只用leave… with 結(jié)構(gòu).
如：She had left a number of books with me. 她把許多書籍交給了我.
Leaving me with a relative，he went to join the Red Army. 他把我托付給一位親戚之后，就去參加紅軍了.
1. alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.
A. Leaving B. left C. To be left D. Having left
2. It seems, everybody, that some of the questions will have to be left because of the time limit .
A. answered B. unanswered C. to answer D. answer
1-2解：BB.
22. contribute 投稿.
1. That man? Oh ,he is Mr Hancock , one of the several regular authors our Morning Post with their good articles.
A. reading B. contributing to C. recommending D. relating to
解：B.
23. break down崩潰，（談判）失敗；break out 戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)；break in 插嘴；break up關(guān)系破裂.
[注意]broken是形容詞，譯為“損壞了的，不好的，弱的”.
1. News reports say peace talks between the two countries have with no agreement reached.
A. broken down B. broken out C. broken in D. broken up
2. He managed to make himself with his English.
A. understand; breaking B. understand; broken
C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken
1-2解：DD.
24. so 與such.
so : ①so + adj（adv）；②so + adj + a（n）+ n單數(shù)；③so + many / few+n復(fù)數(shù)或so+much/little+不可數(shù)n.
such: ①such+adj+n復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)；②such+a（n）+adj +n單數(shù).
如：She’s such a clever girl that everyone love her. [So+adj+that+結(jié)果狀語狀句= such+a（n）+adj（adv）+n+that+結(jié)果狀語從句]
1. There were many people to do it ;so you needn’t worry about it.
A. so B. such C. these D. the
解：B.
25. be known as, be known by, be known for, be known to.
①be known as意為作為……知名，后接“身份”名詞.
如：She was well known as an excellent dancer . 大家公認(rèn)她是一位優(yōu)秀的舞蹈家.
②be known by意為“憑……而知”，by 表示手段或標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，作“通過”，“按照”講.
如：A tree is known by its fruit. 從它結(jié)的果就知道它是什么樹.
③be known for意為“因……而出名（著稱），因……而眾所周知”，for 表示原因.
如：West Lake is known for its beautiful scenery. 西湖以風(fēng)景優(yōu)美而聞名.
④be known to意為“為……所知，……所熟知”.介詞to 后的名詞或代詞表示為“誰”所知，不能用by.
如：He’s known to the police as a criminal. 他是警察所熟知的罪犯.
[注意]“眾所周知”的句型是It is known that …； “我們都知道”的句型是It is known to us（all）that …
如：It is known that the earth goes round the sun.
1. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, as 3M.
A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
解：B. known相當(dāng)于（who was）known.
